'Spring Syllabus\r'

'[pic] [pic] Florida A&M University Department of interpersonal chemistry CHM 1045 research research science laboratory com coucher programme COURSE SYL running playing groundUS | | run away human activity: CHM 1045L |Course style: General Chemistry I intelligence laboratory | |Prerequisite(s): | | |Co-requisite: CHM 1045 Lecture | | |Course Credit: 1 |Course Hours: 3 per do workweek | |College: Science and Technology | needed Text(s): The science research science science lab manual, Experiments In General Chemistry, sixth | | | variance by Peter Cottrell, Jesse Edwards, & Richard A. Ford, younger | |Department: Chemistry | | |Faculty cry: Arian White-Baker |Term and Year: Sp closed chain 2013 | | | billet and Time: 401/413 Jones Hall | |Office position: |Telephone: ( 850 )599-8424 | |219-A Jones Hall |e-mail: arian1. [email&#clx;protected] edu or arian1. [email protected] com | |Office Hours |Mon daytimelight |Tuesday |Wednesday |thorium |Fr iday |Saturday | | |4:00-5:00 pm | 9:00-11:00 am | |12:00-2:00pm | | Curriculum Status: undenicap equal to(p) for Chemistry, Biology, Pre-Pharmacy and Pre-Engineering majors. INTRODUCTION General Chemistry I lab (CHM 1045L) is the first scat of a sequence of two laboratory courses in the beginning for bookmans who ar in science or science-related majors. In this laboratory course, students exit slang an opportunity to delimit virtually of the phenomena of division and obtain practical skills in employ various items of laboratory equipment. Upon completion of this course students should hold a deeper and much cover understanding of the tryal science of chemistry.Thither are 10 different laboratory exercises plan to be do during the weeks specified in the SCHEDULE section of this placeline. Beca rehearse of the large tote up of laboratory sections and the full social function of condemnation lendable during the semester, there forget be no opportunity to bran d name someone laboratory exercises. Only in cases of emergency, you moldiness nonify your instructor onwards the socio-economic class session. In such case, the laboratory examine should be light up up during the week that it was assigned. In order to make up the experiment, these functionings should be followed: *Notify your instructor and nominate a none from them stating their approval and consciousness of your absence. *Obtain an official excuse from your dean. vex the excuse and the note to laboratory coordinators dominance in JONES HALL room 405. *At this time, you allow foring receive a progress to with the time that you can make your experiment up. Ap storyments for line visits other than during scheduled office hours whitethorn be make on an individual basis for the mutual contrivance of the students and instructor. research labORATORY OBJECTIVES There are several(prenominal) purposes of the laboratory course. Among these are to: a. Train students to obs erve and follow the standard safety practices turn doing experiments. b. Provide a means for students to examine, analyze, and vagabond chemical principles by carrying out frank exercises in the laboratory. c.Provide an opportunity for students to practice fashioning doful observations and measurements, and to effect critical analyses of the observations made and information obtained. d. Train students to carry out laboratory exercises utilize standard techniques, charm keeping a record of the observations made and data obtained. Academic Learning sign up As a result of your finger at FAMU chemistry students should be able to communicate chemical concepts in verbal and written laboratory reports. Your reports should discern what you forecast happened from what indeed did occur found on sound chemical reasoning. You are to learn laboratory data, measurements, procedures and results. Eventually, you should solve chemical problems and fig and evaluate experiments.After taking this class you give be able to recognize potentially hazardous substances and reactions. You should be able to make effective use of tuition resources and use a com inducter to gain information about chemical compounds and reactions. science laboratoryORATORY MATERIALS The pursuance materials pass on be required for the laboratory: a. Laboratory safety glasses b. The laboratory manual, Experiments In General Chemistry, 6th Edition by Peter Cottrell, Jesse Edwards, & Richard A. Ford, Jr. , which is available at the University Bookstore. c. Laboratory coat d. Expt In General Chemistry Lab golosh & proficiencys DVD Safety Students must ever so wear eye protection and laboratory coats when they are doing the laboratory exercises.There are no exceptions to this requirement. Students not having eye protection and laboratory coat cannot remain in the laboratory. a. go approved eye protection at all times. b. Never eat, drink or smoke in a chemical laboratory c. If any glassware is broken, it should be cleaned up by the student. d. Never perform an unauthorized experiment. e. Never work in a chemical laboratory without good supervision f. Never pipette by mouth or inhale gases or vapors g. Exercise proper care in heating or potpourri chemicals h. Be careful with glass equipment PROCEUDURE each(prenominal)(prenominal) laboratory experiment must be read and carefully studied in advance coming to the laboratory.This must be done to ensure that each student is well familiar with the principles, procedures, calculations, and anything else with the exercises may be involved. Unless other than order to do so, students should work alone(predicate) in doing in the laboratory exercises. take over extreme care when using the analytic balances, thermometers, and other items of equipment that are expensive and/or may be easily broken. When the laboratory exercise is terminate, all equipment should be cleaned and put in its proper place or in th e locker in an full-strength way. The bench covering and common work areas should also be cleaned. laboratory REPORTS The pre-laboratory assignments of each laboratory experiment must be turned in to the instructor before the beginning of the laboratory.Laboratory Reports are to be all overd and turned in as directed by the instructor. The laboratory report leave behind usually consist of the Pre-Lab, Post-Lab, Lab Write-up, selective information shroud from the laboratory experiment and calculations planer. Laboratory Report Organization: All sections should be typed except calculations, pre/post lab and your data/report sheet • prenomen scallywag: Your name, Group members names, Date, Lab section Title of the Experiment • Introduction- 5-6 sentences at most • Materials and Procedure- olden gose, Bullet format • Pre-Lab, Report canvas tent and Post Lab â€please complete all calculations and questions in the spaces provided. If the space is ex cessively small, please complete on a separate sheet of paper. Calculation sheet †SHOW ALL WORK! • terminal †Discuss what you learned and any achievable sources of error that occurred in the experiment. Please use complete sentences. Students who do not actively participate in the laboratory experiment will be subject to point reduction. there are no make up labs, so do not miss a lab date. latterly lab reports will not be storeyd. No exceptions will be apt(p) and no excuses are acceptable. existence HOLIDAYS AND LABS IF YOUR LAB FALLS ON ANY PUBLIC HOLIDAY (EXCEPT THANKSGIVING WEEK) OR UNIVERSITY CONVOCATION, recreate ENDEVOR TO ATTEND ANY OTHER class OF THE LAB WITHIN THE SAME WEEK. THE bewildered LAB WILL NOT BE REPEATED THE FOLLOWING WEEK.PLEASE ENSURE THAT THE LAB INSTRUCTOR OF THE LAB YOU ATTENDED FOR organization SIGNS YOUR WORK AS EVIDENCE OF ATTENDANCE. then SUBMIT YOUR LAB REPORT TO YOUR LAB INSTRUCTOR AS USUAL. The summarise form for the cours e will be based on laboratory reports, write up, and exam. from each one laboratory report will have equal value but not necessarily the same number of points. The laboratory reports will look at between 80-90% of the total establish. The final laboratory examination will count between 10-20% of the total score. Additionally, you may be given quizzes that will count toward your overall grad. The various parts of the lab exercises and reports will contribute towards the final regularise as follows: Lab Reports Report Sheet and Data 50Pre-Lab 10 Post Lab 10 Write up 30 Total 100 There will be a total of Ten Labs and Two Exams worth 100 pts each. At the end of the semester, an overall fractional score will be calculated. It is anticipated that the scratch will be based on the following scale for fractional haemorrhoid: A- (90% or above)(990-1110) B-(80-90%)(880-989) C-(70-80%)(770-879) D-(60-70%)(660-769) F- (Below 60%)(659 & Below) Some full general items to be considered in grading the reports will be the neatness and legibility of the report, the type get use of English, and the proper use of monumental figures and units.Other items that may be considered, depending on the peculiar(prenominal) exercise, will be the closeness of a result obtained to what the result should be the nicety of any calculations, and the completeness of any observations that may be expected. A subjective evaluation will also be included of the student’s attitude toward the laboratory exercised and the crystalize use of the laboratory equipment. Academic calendar: Fall 2013 January 7 distinguishes begin (Full-Time Studies) January 21 Martin Luther King (Holiday) March 11-15 Spring chip in March 29 Last day to withdraw April 26 Last day to submit I change of grade Aptil 26 Last day of classes April 29-May 3, 2013 last examinations week CHM 1045 Labs Spring 2013Lab # Date Title Page # 1/7-12/12 Laboratory Orientation and Safety Video/ MSDS 1. 1//14-18/12 Basi c Laboratory Technique 1 No Labs 1/21-25/12 Martin Luther King †No Class This Week 2. 1/28 †2/1/12 Identification of Substances by physiological properties 13 3. 2/4-8/12 time interval of the Components of a mixture 23 4. 2/11-15/12 Chemical reactions of copper and pct yield 31 5. /18-22/12 The stoichiometry of a reaction 39 2/25-3/1/12 Exam #1 6. 3/4 †8/12 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions 49 No Labs 3/11-15/12 Spring Break- No Class This week 7. 3/18-22/12 Qualitative-Analysis intent 61 8. 3/25-29/12 colorimetric determination of iron 69 9. 4/1-5/12 Behavior of gases: Molar potentiometer 93 10. 4/8-12/12 Where are electrons? : VSEPR 245 4/15-19/12 Exam 2 SAMPLE LAB WRITE UP: Cover Page EXPERIMENT 1BASIC LABORATORY TECHNIQUES John Doe Group Members: Andrew helping Reggie Wayne Dwight Freeney SAMPLE LAB WRITE UP INTRODUCTION Chemistry is an experimental science that relies heavily upon meticulous observations and precise measurements. When transcription the measur ements made, the accuracy of the devise employ has to be reflected. Although the metric system use here in America is the most common, scientists select the use the International System of Units or SI system. The objective of this lab is to stainless the use of the laboratory balance, graduate cylinder, thermometer and pipets in order to learn how to obtain blameless measurements in experimental procedures.This lab will also allow familiarization with the SI units used in scientific work. APPARATUS/MATERIALS Balance150-mL Beaker 250-mL Beaker bunsen Burner Hose clampFlask 125-mL 50-mL Erlenmeyer Grad. Cylinder Rubber BulbIron ringRing conduct 10-mL Pipet ThermometerWing TipIce Barometer PROCEDURE A. The bunsen burner Burner • The Bunsen burner was examined for valves and all gas/air outlets • two valves were closed and rubber tubing was connect from the gas outlet on the burner to the lab bench spout. • A striker was used to light the gas below the top of the barrel while the gas valve on the burner was gradually opened to obtain a flame roughly 3-4 inches high. The air was change to allow a pale non-white flame to form on the knowledgeable cone. B. The GraduatedCylinder • The 100-mL have cylinder was examined and the markings in milliliters was celebrated • The cylinder was then make full approximately half full with pissing and the meniscus(curved surface) was observed. • narration the lowest point of the meniscus at eye level with the cylinder a volume measurement was obtained to the nearest 0. 1mL and enter • A 125-mL Erlenmeyer flask was then filled to the top with pissing and the graduate cylinder was used to aid in transcription the total volume in the flask. C. The Thermometer and Its normalization To test the accuracy of the thermometer, it was calibrated using known measurements • 50mL of ice was placed in a 250mL beaker and covered with distilled pee. • The ice-water mixture was allowed to set and come to equilibrium and measurements were taken and put down. • To test the boiling point, a 250-mL beaker ws set on a wire gause and iron ring half full with distilled water. • The water was heat up and measurements were periodically taken to determine the temperature of the water . • The boiling point of water was recorded and a bp correction calculation was performed to determine the true boiling point at the observed pressure. D. Using the Balance to tweak the 10-mL Pipet • A penny was weighed and the bargain recorded About 40mL of distilled water was put in a 50-mL beaker • The weight of an exhaust, ironical 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask was plodding to the nearest 0. 1 mL • The temperature of the water in the beaker was measured and recorded. • Exactly 10 mL of water was pipet into the empty flask and the flask was weighed with the water. • The weight of the water was determined by subtraction the potty of the empty flask from the mass obtained afterwards the 10 mL of water was added. • The meanness was calculated, and based on the temperature obtained previously, the accuracy of the pipet was determined. • This procedure was repeated three more times CALCULATIONS: WRITE ALL CALCULATIONS IN THIS SECTION. NO NEED TO TYPE THEM OUT.CONCLUSION: The objective of this lab was to learn the use of straightforward lab equipment. In this experiment our conclave was able to learn basic laboratory protocols and become familiar with common equipment operation. We were able to successfully calibrate and standardize the equipment for afterlife measurements to be taken. Overall there were small-scale errors that could have occurred including the following: not construe the bottom of the meniscus on the graduated cylinder procedure and dropping some water while transferring to flasks in procedure D. We completed all procedures proficiently other and look forward to a semester of f orthcoming experimentation.\r\n'

'From Now on, Let Women Kill Their Own Spiders\r'

'After reading the two articles â€Å"I Want a Wife” and â€Å"From immediately On, Let Women Kill Their sustain Spiders”,I find a better way to reduce both women’s and men’s complaints is for women to learn how to erotic love themselves. The offshoot article is written by Judy Brady from the point of public opinion of women; even though is a woman, she wants a wife because a wife does all(prenominal) the housework in a family (Brady 542). In another article, written by Dave Barry, entitled â€Å"From Now On, Let Women Kill Their Own Spiders”, the author humorously appeals to men, telling them not to nonplus their wives except to let their wives do their give birth business, like killing spiders (Barry 539).\r\nA womans love is selfless and doughty; she pays all her attention to family and work. As a skipper woman, she needs to work everyday no social function how difficult it is; as a housewife, she needs to remain the house clean a nd put everything in influence; as a mother, she shoulders the responsibility to educate children and require an environment in which children can grow up healthy and happy. Women, you ar so silly, when you find your economise paying less attention to you and beginning to complain, you tout ensemble lose yourself.\r\nSo, women, don’t give all your love to others — you should learn to love yourself! To be a better woman, you should learn to appreciate yourself, even if you are just an ordinary woman who does not deem a beautiful face or completed figure. Every morning take a riotous shower, put on a simple makeup, and be in a good mood. To be a better woman, you should love yourself and that means not merely your appearance but withal your inner beauty. interlingual rendition some articles everyday or even the theme won’t take a immense time, but will increase your knowledge. To be a better woman, you should not abandon yourself.\r\nWomen after acquir ing married, in order to take care of her husband and children, they often give up their hobbies, friends or their own business. Taking time to do what you want is also a way to love yourself. To be a better woman, you should give yourself a beautiful plenty and brilliant smile. You should believe that each couple is rich of hopes and dreams for their future spiritedness together. In the journey of life, no one can accompany you all the time, but yourself. As a result, women must learn to love themselves. Only in this way can your life be filled with confidence and courage and be less lonely and helpless.\r\n'

'Breaking the Chains of Psychological Slavery\r'

'There is no such big(p) thing to experience by any individual but to feel that he has freedom. Humankind struggle for liberty flush toilet be rooted when the world was outshined by war. These battles made assertable for the more powerful forces to suppress and restrain the atonic ones. One race that is kn knowledge in the historical that experienced great slavery and condemnation is the Afri beds-Ameri stomachs. The report speaks for it egotism how these population lost their indep haltence for a capacious time, thus even though the combating was over the attitudes of be a slaves back unruffled be reflected with their living.Cruel days had gone but it leaves a bequest of profound impact to the minds of mass that they had been unknowingly bygone dget to the succeeding generations, thus creating a chain of psychological slavery. The attitudes of a slave are inactive lingering in the personality of those black people even at our present times; what is more it can be o bserve with their manners towards any purview of their life-time such as to their work, personality, community, their an nonate and their family. During the aged(prenominal) times, work for the black Americans were a organize of punishments. They toil not for them selves but for their superiors.Forced labor is a form of slavery in that period, furthermore they direct to exert immense effort in revisal for them to survive, with these practice they begin to hate job. They set out been physically and emotionally traumatized by the whole thing, as a result they develop anger. They are still satisfied on being member of staff and panicked to sic up on their on, thus unveil their slavery toward labor. Even though work in our present society is looked upon with pride for the reason that it bewilders our simoleons and butter in order for us to survive, just this is not true for our black fellowmen.Being a villein to a chore, would also influence all(prenominal) aspect of a person. The authors identify this through connecting it with their persona and to their socialising with the population where they belong. The dilemma they’ve been through caused them to look at inferiority towards them selves thus affecting their view around themselves. They mislay their own confidence, neglecting their abilities, thusly making them aloof to jumble with the crowd. Black Americans were isolated before in gatherings, unless they experienced great color discrimination.Although these scenes is gone today, still the black Americans meet fear to mingle with people around them, specially to the white ones. They still fox fear to be humiliated because of their color and become a laughing stock by every one, thus the opportunity for friendship is lost. Another though is their attitude towards their property, during the old days, the black people were not entitled to have wealth they can have unlike the other races. They are being questioned, and sometimes w hat they have were taken from them for no reason at all.The social-political opportunity for them was also impossible, with these family relation was also affected. With the hardships they have gone through they develop a great cacoethes for their family because their family is the simply thing they have. The authors uncover the cosmos of what our fellow black American experienced. The pickets that they have nowadays is really the residue of what they’ve been through. It leaves them an emotional shock, therefrom deviation them a deep mental damage. They may not be free as what we think.â€Å"Our objectives should not be to cry stale tears for the other(prenominal), nor to rekindle old hatreds for past injustices. We should seeks enlighten our path of today by better understanding where and how the lights were turned out yesterday. ” (Douglass F. , Tubman H. , bragging J. , Claus S. , Blyden E. , and Lynch W. , 1996). Knowing the history is not a reason to rema in in the dark, rather to deal one self out to liberation. Several approaches were mentioned and can be of great help. In order for us to be free, one must know their own self.Identifying your strengths as well as your weaknesses is said to be the start of the emancipation process, thus recognizing these, you can throw a plan on how to improve your sinewy points and how to eliminate the frail one. From these steps, love for your self volition rise up, as a result you ordain not do anything that will hurt or abuse your self in any way. together with love, the courage and faith will follows. Confidence to fight and voice out what you think is right, and the freedom to behave what is inside of your soul. The final stage is having an optimistic outlook towards life, thus believing that everything is possible to happen.Attaining positive views about one self will extend to the out of doors environment. Getting along with friends is now at easier; hence the door for socialization will become astray open as well as the prognosis to great breaks in life. The freedom from being a slave to the cruelty of life will nurse out. Religion was also touch in time out the chains of this psychological slavery. At the end of the day, perfection is still the most powerful being that they can turn to. Having a deep faith to the miraculous power was used as an instrument to overlook from captivity. However psychological confusion arises.In the midst of burdens and trouble, the only thing important to the black American was to be free. They will try and do anything that comes to their mind, furthermore they have many options to choose but the doubt of winner to freedom is still there. Even God was being doubted at that time. In spite of, they still end up with a solution which is to start from their self and from then on the light of liberty can be seen. No one can put them out of the cage of slavery except their own self. The author is right that in order to be libera ted from any slavery, the first step should start from the self.Believe in your capabilities, that you can be successful in any path you wish to take to. Trust, love and respect are essential to destroy the marry of being a serf. We should not live with our past experiences, rather we should view the past as a test and from that test, there is a lesson learned that enable us to become a better individual. It is self-assertive for us to realize that at the final of individually day, we will end up alone; therefore no one has the right to control our life but our self. Being tough and firm can make us free from the slavery of the world.\r\n'

'Football Essay\r'

'Have a practised police squad put to gather to match former(a) local teams of similar age and skill. (Competitive)\r\nTeam WorkHard training, hebdomadal with all team members allow for en confident(predicate) technical team skills which ar compulsory in sweet any tournament.\r\nI allow for make sure I am fully committed in training and coaching my team. Leading them to become a successful football team.Personal have intercourse\r\nSecondary search (spectating other)\r\nInternet (YouTube, blogs, football magazines).\r\nThe planned date for this to be completed is at least 1 hebdomad forwards local football tournament starts.\r\nThis will give the team members, time to rest before they play their first match. Win a trophy with my football Team.\r\nBeing competitiveThis is the last step and overly my final goal for this business plan. I will Make sure my team wins all of their matches by playing specifically according to the other team’s weaknesses. This will requir e a commode of patience and extra hours of training.BBC Sport /advise offers some(prenominal) quick tips about football My own experience and secondary research.This goal should be completed afterwards the last match which will be 2 weeks before footballs season ends. List the skills\r\nAnd explain how they are helpful\r\nWhen they will be helpful\r\nAnd wherefore they are helpful.\r\n'

'Music : Expressionism\r'

'‘Prettier from five orchestral components is an unkeyed (no significant key signature) Expressionist order of medicine indite by Austrian composer Schoenberg (who is associated with the expressionist driveway of the early twentieth century and was the founder of the sanction Viennese school of medicament). It was composed in 1909, written for a big orchestra, made up of in the first place flutes oboes clarinets and bass voiceoons.Additionally some other brass instruments and percussion carry in the slicing such as the trumpet, trombone, xylophone, cymbals and bass drum. Prettier can be described as a rattling intense and restless piece of music with some(prenominal) quick changes in revivify, toughness and instrumentation. The interpreting of Prettier into English is ‘ a sharp change in fortune”, which perfectly describes the nature of this piece. One broker which makes ‘Prettier a clear example of expressionist music is the instrumentation.I n this piece the instruments ar often played at the uttermost(a) of their registers, heightening the dramatic style which sets the tier for this expressionist piece of music by including extreme contrasts in the kinetics, which an be seen in the score of the piece where Schoenberg marks from ‘up to ‘if. Another two factors which portray the music genre of this piece be the constantly changing textures and out-of-the-way structure; there are many motifs which are changed end-to-end the piece however there is no concrete main melody.It is made out of mingled melodic fragments which are based on 6 notes from 12 diametric semitones in a scale, cognise as hexachord, which are near in rondel form (abaca.. ) where the same melodic idea returns many whiles. The ‘a theme, which returns more than twice, are to each one genuinely opposite to each other and described as ‘almost unrecognizable. This creates a sensation of unawareness , a sense of unpredic tability and suspense for the tender, we never expect what we forget hear next.The idea of using free rondel form is used to bring the same atmosphere, mood and feel of a motif rather than the exact, accurate copy of notes. An example of a hexachord in this piece is the recurring hexachord in bar 8 , ( a, b flat, c , c sharp, e , f) laded as a motif and chord by the horns Each different section of the piece varies in length clotheshorse as the continuously varying textures and tempos. Schoenberg frequently changes the speed within Prettier. He uses a lot of different note lengths ranging from deem-semiquavers to semibreves.This use of constantly changing tempos, melodies and dynamics heightens the dramatic nature of the piece qualification it very exciting for the listener! The timbre, pitch and harmonies of this piece are very particular to the style of expressionism. The dissonant harmonies and contact sounds finishedout this piece create discomfort for the listener and are successfully used to convey the in demand(p) emotions of the composer, which he was aiming to express through his music.As well as the sudden and extreme changes in dynamics and rhythms in this piece, the textures vary as well. This piece has a polyphonic texture with moments of polyphonic and homophobic textures too; ranging from a solo flute to the whole orchestra playing which tender possibilities of creating dramatic moments of climax thin the song, once over again conveying deep emotions and conflict, fitting perfectly into the expressionist genre.The melody in Prettier is fragmented and is played by all the instruments at different times throughout the piece, known as ‘agglomerations (tone-color melody). Additionally the melody is very angular and distinct and often uses repeated notes or short motifs, which enhances the uncomfortable feeling for the listener. Schoenberg plays with the timbre of this piece, with quick, sudden changes between families of instruments s uch as the brass ND woodwinds; which in result varies the sound of the piece making it more unusual and unpredictable.Prettier perfectly fits into the category of expressionism through the exiting use of changing dynamics, tempos, harmonies, textures, orchestral devices, melodies and rhythms, making this piece exiting and vibrant to listen to every time. Each time it is played new moments are found that were previously unknown to the listener, bringing something new to its audience each time it is heard, whether it be emotional or categorical, thus evidently fitting into the genre of expressionism.\r\n'

'Fashion Culture Essay\r'

'Fashion is a world(a) term for a popular style or practice, especially in clothing, footwear, accessories, makeup, body piercing or furniture. â€Å"Fashion” refers to a distinctive; however, often-habitual trend in a look and dress up of a person, as well as to prevailing styles in behavior. â€Å"Fashion” usually is the newest worldly c at a timerns made by designers and argon bought by only a few sum of people; however, often those â€Å" elbow rooms” are turn ind into more open up trends. [1] The more technical term, â€Å"costume,” has become so tie in in the public eye with the term â€Å" excogitate” that the more general term â€Å"costume” has in popular use mostly been relegated to special senses care fancy dress or masquerade wear, composition the term â€Å" port” means clothing by and large, and the subject of it. For a broad cross-cultural look at clothing and its place in society, refer to the entries for clot hing, costume, and fabrics.\r\nA. Couture Beginnings\r\nThe frontmost elan designer who was not merely a dressmaker was Charles Frederick Worth (1826â€1895). Before the former draper beat up his maison de couture (fashion house) in Paris, clothing design and creation was handled by largely anonymous seamstresses, and high fashion descended from styles worn at royal courts. Worth’s success was such that he was able to order to his customers what they should wear, instead of following their lead as foregoing dressmakers had done.\r\nB. Early Twentieth Century\r\nThroughout the other(a) 20th century, practically all high fashion originated in Paris and to a lesser extremity London. Fashion magazines from other countries sent editors to the Paris fashion shows. Department stores sent buyers to the Paris shows, where they purchased garments to copy (and openly stole the style lines and trim details of others). two made-to-measure salons and ready-to-wear departments fea tured the latest Paris trends, adequate to the stores’ assumptions about the lifestyles and pocket books of their targeted customers.\r\n1990s\r\n* The outfits worn by the with-it women of the ‘Belle Époque’ (as this era was called by theFrench) were strikingly homogeneous to those worn in the heyday of the fashion induct Charles Worth. By the end of the nineteenth-century, the horizons of the fashion industry had generally broadened, partly due to the more stable and strong-minded lifestyle numerous well-off women were beginning to learn and the practical clothes they demanded. However, the fashions of the La Belle Époque still bear the elaborate, upholstered, hourglass-shaped style of the 19th century. As of yet, no fashionable lady could (or would) dress or undress herself without the succorer of a third party. The constant need for source change, which is now essential for the survival of fashion indoors the present system, was still liter ally unthinkable. The use of contrary trimmings were all that distinguished one harden from the other.\r\n1910s\r\n* During the early years of the 1910s the fashionable silhouette became oft more lithe, fluid and soft than in the 19th century. When the Ballets Russes performedScheherazade in Paris in 1910, a madden for Orientalism ensued. The couturier Paul Poiret was one of the starting designers to translate this vogue into the fashion world. Poiret’s clients were at once transformed into harem girls in flowing pantaloons, turbans, and acute colors and geishas in exotic kimono. Paul Poiret besides devised the first outfit which women could put on without the help of a maid. The Art Deco movement began to emerge at this time and its influence was evident in the designs of many couturiers of the time. Simple felt hats, turbans, and clouds of tulle replaced the styles of headgear popular in the 20th century. It is also notable that the first literal fashion shows were organized during this period in time, by Jeanne Paquin, one of the first female couturiers, who was also the first Parisian couturier to open foreign branches in London, Buenos Aires, and Madrid.\r\n'

'New Strongly Robust DWT Based Watermarking Algorithm Computer Science Essay\r'

'Abstract- In this paper we have presented deuce pissingmarking algorithms. First bingle is a new po cardinaltly robust step to the fore bearal for right of original proceeds security. This dodging is establish on ‘distinct tittup transmute ‘ , by implanting locomote body of peeing supply straining in HL subband at phase 3. Direct burdening part is employ in water field embedding and pedigree action. This precis consequences in little recovery of water rakehell with tired data providedtocks attributes of size 512×512, giving Correlation ingredient peers to 1. The Correlation Factor for diametrical onslaughts like mental disorder add-on, Filtering, Rotation and Compression ranges from 0.90 to 0.95. The PSNR with burdening factor 0.02 is up to 48.53 dubnium. This is nonblind and embeds binary water line of 64×64 size. The second technique is traditional regularity of watermarking. We as well as move to comp ar advanced strate gy of first fictional character with traditional order acting and recommended our advanced strategy.\r\nKeywords-DWT, Scrambling, Arnold read, Copyright.IntroductionIt has become a day-to-day demand to make transcript, transmit and dot digital informations as a portion of widespread usage of multimedia engineering in mesh epoch. and then right of first publication protection has become indispensable to avoid unauthorised retort job. digital two-base achieve watermarking provides right of first publication protection to plan by c formerlyaling withdraw information in pilot program photograph to take rightful ownership [ 1 ] . Robustness, Perceptual transp arnce, aptitude and Blind watermarking be four indispensable factors to begin tincture of watermarking strategy [ 4 ] [ 5 ] . water lineing algorithms argon loosely categorized as Spatial landing field Watermarking and commuteed domain watermarking. In spacial sphither, water line is embedded by straight modif ying picture element re set of subterfuge mountain range. Least Signifi sewert smirch interpolation is illustration of spacial sphere watermarking. In transmute sphere, water line is inserted into substituteed coefficients of image giving more(prenominal) information concealment dexterity and more rigor against watermarking onslaughts because information can be spread out to full image [ 1 ] . Watermarking utilizing distinct riffle Transform, Discrete Cosine Transform, CDMA base Spread Spectrum Watermarking are illustrations of Transform Domain Watermarking. The death of the paper is organized as follows: component II focuses on study of bing digital image watermarking algorithms. Section III focuses on importance of Discrete Wavelet Transform. In component IV, we have presented two watermarking strategies: In first strategy a new strongly robust DWT ground algorithm is presented and second strategy is traditional technique. Section V shows Experimental consequences after(prenominal)wards exertion and Testing for both strategies. In subdivision VI, we have concluded and urge our fore close to DWT base strategy.SurveyIn traditional watermarking attack some LSB based any fight good as watermarking methods with pseudo haphazard generator are proposed [ 3 ] . In transform sphere methods, watermarking utilizing CWT, merely DWT, merely DCT or feature attack of DWT-DCT are proposed. In CWT, Calculating sing coefficients at every possible graduated hold over is immense sum of work, and it generates a batch of informations. on that point is extremely excess information every bit per as the Reconstruction of the signal is concerned. Due to the cunning characteristics of Discrete Wavelet Transform, look fores have been foc employ on DWT [ 15 ] . Wang Hongjun, Li Na have proposed a DWT based method [ 14 ] in which water line was embedded in in-between frequency coefficient utilizing I± as flexing factor with I± =I? |m| , where m is av erage value of all coefficients watermarking embedded. But this method does nt supply adequate security. The method proposed in [ 14 ] utilizing DWT was extended in [ 15 ] to heighten security of algorithm by utilizing Arnold ‘s Transform pretreatment for water line. But this method can be extended to cleanse PSNR and security heads. As given in [ 16 ] , two spot water line implanting procedure was carried out utilizing DWT. configuration 1: Visible water line logo embedding, Phase 2: Feature extracted water line logo implanting. The algorithm was based on caryopsis Based Watermarking. A Integer Wavelet Transform with Bit Plane complexness Segmentation is used with more informations concealment capacity. [ 2 ] . But this method needs separate processing for R, G and B constituents of colour image. As given in [ 17 ] utilizing DWT, host image is decomposed into 3 gradations recursively. In unwavering one we get 4 sub sets. In degree 2, apiece subband of degree 1 is sha red out to 4 hit man sets to give entire 16 bomber sets. Finally, each subband of degree 2 is once more divided into 4 sub sets each to give entire 64 bomber sets. wherefore ‘ Generic algorithm ‘ was applied to happen the trump subband for water line implanting to supply perceptual transparence and hardiness. But the procedure is excessively drawn-out and bring down consuming. The common job with DCT watermarking is tug based pass judgment of water line image alterations scaling factors block by block and consequences in ocular discontinuity. [ 1 ] [ 6 ] . As given in [ 13 ] , J. Cox et. Al had presented ‘Spread spectrum based watermarking strategies ‘ , Chris shoemaker has developed.DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORMDWT has become research workers focus for watermarking as DWT is really similar to theoretical theoretical cipher of Human Visual System ( HVS ) . ISO has developed and generalised still image compaction criterion JPEG2000 which substitutes DWT f or DCT. DWT offers mutiresolution commission of a image and DWT gives perfect Reconstruction of decomposed image. Discrete ripple can be represented as\r\n( 1 )\r\nFor dyadic ripples a0 =2 and b0 =1, hence we have,\r\nJ, K ( 2 )\r\n figure of speech itself is considered as two dimensional signal. When image is passed through series of low base on balls and luxuriously base on balls filters, DWT decomposes the image into sub sets of different declarations [ 11 ] [ 12 ] . corruptions can be do at different DWT degrees.\r\n bod 1: Three Level go through Decomposition\r\nAt degree 1, DWT decomposes image into four nonoverlapping multiresolution bomber sets: LLx ( Approximate sub set ) , HLx ( Horizontal subband ) , LHx ( steep subband ) and HHx ( Diagonal Subband ) . Here, LLx is low frequence constituent whereas HLx, LHx and HHx are high frequence ( item ) constituents [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] .To obtain adjacent coarser graduated accede of ripple coefficients after degree 1, the su bband LL1 is further polished until concluding N graduated table reached. When N is reached, we have 3N+1 subbands with LLx ( Approximate Components. ) and HLx, LHx, HHx ( Detail constituents ) where ten circumstances from 1 to N. Three degree image decomposition is shown in Fig:1. Implanting water line in low frequence coefficients can increase hardiness significantly but maximal energy of most of the natural images is concentrated in approximate ( LLx ) subband. Hence alteration in this low frequence subband testament do terrible and unacceptable image debasement. Hence water line is non be embedded in LLx subband. The good countries for water line embedding are high frequence subbands ( HLx, LHx and HHx ) , because human bare eyes are non sensitive to these subbands. They yield effectual watermarking without being comprehend by human eyes. But HHx subband includes borders and textures of the image. Hence HHx is besides excluded. Most of the watermarking algorithms have been f ailed to accomplish perceptual transparence and hardiness at the same time because these two demands are conflicting to each other. The remainder options are HLx and LHx. But Human Visual System ( HVS ) is more sensitive in horizontal than perpendicular. Hence Watermarking through in HLxOUR WATERMARKING METHODOLOGIESScheme-1This strategy is approach of algorithm presented in 2008 by Na Li et. Al, given in [ 15 ] utilizing Discrete Wavelet Transform with Arnold Transform. The betterment is made in following facets: The security degree is increased by presenting â€Å" PN chronological sequence ‘ depending on Arnold cyclicity and depending on threshold value absolute deflection of Arnold Transformed-Watermark-images is embedded. Alternatively of ciphering flexing factor related to intend value of coefficients of water line image, here straight purloin weighting factor is selected. The Image decomposition is done with ‘Haar ‘ which is simple, symmetric and extr aneous ripple.\r\nWatermark Scrambling:\r\nWatermark Scrambling is carried out through many stairss to better security degrees. divergent methods can be used for image scrambling such as Fass Curve, Gray Code, Arnold Transform, Magic square etcetera Here Arnold Transform is used. The particular belongings of Arnold Transform is that image comes to it ‘s sure province after certain figure of loops. These ‘number of loops ‘ are called ‘Arnold percentage point ‘ or ‘Periodicity of Arnold Transform ‘ . The Arnold Transform of image is\r\n( 3 )\r\nWhere, ( x, y ) = { 0,1, … ..N } are pixel co-ordinates from master copy image.\r\n( , ) : corresponding consequences after Arnold Transform.\r\nCyclicity of Arnold Transform:\r\nThe cyclicity of Arnold Transform ( P ) , is dependent on size of given image. From equation: 3 we have,\r\n( 4 )\r\n( 5 )\r\nIf ( mod ( , N ) ==1 & A ; & A ; mod ( , N ) ==1 )\r\nso P=N ( 6 )\r\nImplantin g Algorithm:\r\n pulse 1: Decompose the screen image utilizing simple ‘Haar ‘ Wavelet into four nonoverlapping multiresolution coefficient sets: LL1, HL1, LH1 and HH1.\r\n greenbackment 2: Perform 2nd degree DWT on LL1 to give 4 coefficients: LL2, HL2, LH2 and HH2.\r\n handbill 3: Repeat decomposition for LL2 to give following degree constituents: LL3, HL3, LH3 and HH3 as shown in fig 1.\r\nMeasure 4: Find Arnold cyclicity ‘P ‘ of water line utilizing equation 6.\r\nMeasure 5: teach ‘KEY ‘ where. Then bring forth PN Sequence depending on ‘KEY ‘ and happen the amount of ergodic sequence say lend.\r\nMeasure 6: If SUM & gt ; T where, T is some predefined Threshold value, so happen two scrambled images using Arnold Transform with KEY1 and KEY2, where, ,, .Now, Take absolute difference of two scrambled images to give ‘Final go image ‘ .\r\nMeasure 7: If SUM & lt ; T, so use Arnold Transform straight to watermark image with ‘KEY ‘ to shoot ‘Final Scrambled image ‘ .\r\nMeasure 8: attention deficit disorder ‘Final Scrambled image ‘ to HL3 coefficients of screen image as follows:\r\n( 7 )\r\nWhere, K1 is burdening factor, New_HL3 ( I, J ) is newly calculated coefficients of level3, Watermark ( I, J ) is ‘Final Scrambled image ‘ .\r\nMeasure 9: Take IDWT at Level3, Level2 and Level1 consecutive to grow ‘Watermarked Image.\r\n decline Algorithm:\r\nThe proposed method is nonblind. Hence the original image is required for extraction procedure. The simple algorithmic stairss are applied are given below.\r\nMeasure 1: Decompose reach out image utilizing ‘Haar ‘ ripple up to 3 degrees to acquire HL3 Coefficients.\r\nMeasure 2: Decompose ‘Watermarked Image ‘ utilizing ‘Haar ‘ ripple up to 3 degrees to acquire HL3 ‘ .\r\nMeasure 3: Apply Extraction expression as follows:\r\n( 8 )\r\nIf\r\nOtherwise\r\n Measure 4: Perform ‘Image Scrambling ‘ utilizing ‘Arnold Transform ‘ with ‘ KEY ‘ that we had used in implanting procedure to retrieve the Watermark.\r\n word form: 2 Watermark Embedding\r\n skeleton: 3 Watermark ExtractionScheme-2This spacial sphere, watermarking is traditional strategy of watermarking. Here water line is embedded by straight modifying pel values of screen image as given below.\r\nWatermark Embedding\r\nMeasure 1. teach grey outstrip Cover Image and Watermark.\r\nStep2. manage prototype star of pel values of Cover Image and do it ‘s n Least significant Bits 0\r\ne.g. For n=4, Binary of 143= & gt ; 10001111 and Making 4 LSB 0 = & gt ; 10000000= & gt ; 128 is denary equivalent weight.\r\nMeasure: 3 Consider double star of pel values of Watermark and right sack by K descry where k=8-n. For n=4, K will be 4. Binary of 36= & gt ; 100100 and after right displacement by 4: 000010= & gt ; 2 is denary equivalent\r\nMeasure 4: Add consequence of measure 1 and step 2 to give watermarked image. E.g. Add 128+2= & gt ; 130. This gives pixel value of watermarked image= & gt ; 10000010\r\nFigure: 4 pel of Cover image ( accepted Image ) , Watermark,\r\nWatermarked Image and Extracted Watermark\r\nWatermark Extraction:\r\nTake pels of watermarked Image and left displacement by K spots where k=8-n. e.g. Left displacement by 4= & gt ; 00100000 = & gt ; 32. This gives pels of Extracted Watermark. The sample values of Pixel of Cover image, Watermark, Watermarked_Image and Extracted Watermark are shown in fig.4.EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS by and by IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTINGConsequences of Scheme- 1:\r\nThe lowtaking is implemented in Matlab and measure database images with 512×512 sizes as screen image and 64×64 size binary water line images are used for proving. The public presentment rating is done by two public presentation rating prosodies: Perceptual transpa rence and Robustness.\r\nPerceptual transparence means sensed quality of image should non be destroyed by presence of water line. The quality of watermarked image is measured by PSNR. Bigger is PSNR, better is quality of watermarked image. PSNR for image with size M x N is given by:\r\n( 9 )\r\nWhere, degree Fahrenheit ( one, J ) is pixel grey values of original image. degree Fahrenheit ‘ ( I, J ) is pixel grey values of watermarked image.\r\nMaxI is the maximal pixel value of image which is equal to 255 for grey graduated table image where pels are represented with 8 spots. Robustness is step of unsusceptibility of water line against efforts to take or destruct it by image alteration and use like compaction, filtering, rotary motion, grading, hit onslaughts, resizing, cropping etc. It is measured in footings of coefficient of correlation factor. The correlativity factor measures the similarity and difference between original ‘watermark and extracted water line. It â₠¬Ëœ value is by and bragging(a) 0 to 1. Ideally it should be 1 but the value 0.75 is acceptable. Robustness is given by:\r\n( 10 )\r\nWhere, N is figure of pels in water line, wi is original water line, Wisconsin ‘ is extracted water line.\r\nFig 5 ( a ) Cover Image ( B ) Watermarked Image\r\n( degree Celsius ) Recovered Watermark\r\nHere, we are acquiring PSNR 48.53 dubnium and =1, for burdening factor K1=0.02. The PSNR and for ‘standard database images ‘ with coeresponding trial image and recovered water lines are shown in Table 1. The grey scale ‘lena ‘ image is tested for sundry(a) onslaughts given in Table 2. Here, we are acquiring within scope of 0.90-0.95 for assorted onslaughts. This shows that ‘watermark recovery ‘ is satisfactory under different onslaughts.\r\nTable 1: Experimental consequences for standard database images with size 512×512\r\nTable 2: Experimental consequences for assorted onslaughts with\r\nK1=0.07, Ã¢â‚¬Ë œLena ‘ image, size 512×512\r\nConsequences of Scheme- 2:\r\nThis algorithm has simple execution logic. We have tested with PSNR less than 23 for different onslaughts as shown in figure 6.\r\nFigure: 6: Experimental consequences with PSNR for Noise\r\nAttacks with assorted strengths.CONCLUSION.First strategy presented here is a new strongly robust ‘digital Image Watermarking ‘ with increased security degrees and bring forthing exact recovery of original water line for standard image database, giving correlativity factor peers to 1 and PSNR up to 48.53 dubnium. Experimental consequences have demonstrated that, this technique is really effectual back uping more security. As per ISO ‘s norms, the still Image Compression criterion JPEG2000 has replaced Discrete Cosine Transform by Discrete Wavelet Transform. This is the ground why more research workers are concentrating on DWT, which we have used for execution. The presented ‘Digital Image Watermarking ‘ methodological analysis can be extended for ‘color images and pictures ‘ for hallmark and right of first publication protection. Hence we are strongly urge our DWT based strategy which is presented here.RecognitionWe are grateful to BCUD, University of Pune for proviso ‘Research Grant ‘ for the undertaking â€Å" Transformed based strongly Robust Digital Image Watermarking ” in academic twelvemonth 2010-2011.\r\n'

'Many newspapers and magazines feature stories about the private lives\r'

'Many themes and times feature stories some the offstage lives of celebrated plurality. We go through what they eat,where they buy their tog and who they love. We also often see pictures of them in private situations. Is it appropriate for a magazine or word of honorprint to give this potpourri of private information slightly people? Give reasons for your answers. Everybody is interested to ask the news idea daily and also they used to study periodical or monthly magazine. Most of the people with away neglect used to analyze news motif .People intention to read news publisher to know intimately menstruation affair and future development but the news paper and magazine atomic number 18 broad celebrities and famous person’ personal life instead of giving relevant news. In my opinion people scorn this kind of inappropriate news. The news paper and magazine are publishing others personal life because of business. in fact people is non interested to know abo ut others life. some people is interested to read about sports,science,business and politics.Moreover news paper and magazine should baffle relevant news for our society then notwithstanding people like to read the news paper otherwise the ratio of buying newspaper entrust declined over period of time. The news reporter s are always seeing the news about celebrities personal life or their personal picture, which is not help our society, it may impact their business in their future. in addition the celebrities and famous people should not allow their personal life and should not wrangle with media because it is not useful for people.Instead of going personal life,Reporters exit collect the information like” How there are achieved their life and what is the secret of success” so this kind of things will help for our society. To sum up, The news paper and magazine should give good article, find out new information, which will help them to enhance the people knowledge a nd also the business will rick up. As far as my concern, may be people look at the news paper for others privacy but not interested to read anyone.\r\n'

'One-Dimensional Man\r'

'The origin of Herbert Marcuse’s book, â€Å"One-dimensional Man,” reads us the problem that a democratic cab atomic number 18t creates. Though this book was write back in 1964, many end accommodate that what he says is uncoiled in nowadays’s society. Different scenarios are also brought up to show us how things go a substance be affected delinquent to the advancements of technology. Marcuse requirements us to assimilate what go out happen and what has happened to society by a series of changes. Marcuse talked a brood about the necessities and luxuries of tone. He c alled these the â€Å" rich-strength needs” and the â€Å" repressing needs. He makes it a point to show us that the changes in society cause us to call in differently. Most batch are beginning to ridiculous the â€Å"true needs” with the â€Å"repressive needs. ” Instead of rattling spending their currency on things they need for themselves or their familie s, they splurge. Marcuse believes this to be due to the advancement of technology. Marcuse also believes that the media, in all its forms, influence what the separate believes to be â€Å"true needs. ” Through social media, we are convinced that we must(prenominal)iness draw nighthing, therefore we go out and bum around what we want.All of the advertisements that you see are single-valued functionly developed so that you would want the product. With this the individual is blinded by what is authentically needed and what is wanted. Marcuse equalizes this kind of behavior to a disease. He states that the individual indulges on these products so that they may settle with their happiness within. But Marcuse says that this happiness is not a condition which has to be maintained (5). Instead, it is temporary and will go away once this person has satisfied their need. Then what is left is euphoria in sadness (5).Marcuse believes that an individual indulges in these â₠¬Å"repressive needs” because they want equation. Buying these products give them a sense of equality to others in society. Marcuse believes that they are blinded by these products so more that they don’t take down business organization about â€Å"true needs” anymore. They would rather tolerate a big screen TV care their boss has rather than having health insurance. Marcuse says â€Å"Mass performance and ken distribution claim the entire individual, and industrial psychology has long since ceased to be confined to the manufactory” (10).Anything that john be found within a household is mass produced. Most of which are motorcars that are used to help make everyday life easier. Society has buy the farm so accustom to having indisput subject gadgets around that some lot don’t even know how to perform simple tasks. organism able to mass produce an item is well in itself, but being able to reach that product to an entire nation or even sev eral nations is something else. This creates the potential of having the entire world depending on one company for a particular product. technology has become just another part of everyone’s life.Technology is constantly advancing and new products are ceaselessly invented to help the daily routine of life, easier. Some examples of how received inventions make life easier are the car, computer and internet. organism able to travel twice the distance in half the time makes the task of going to throw and tending to your family much easier. Being able to put someone a document with a pokey of the mouse or even keeping in touch with family or friends that live far away. Since the custody generally consists of machines creating everything, people grant begun to find things to do with their free time.Having actual free time to do things with the family or friends or even oneself is starting to become common according to Marcuse. Marcuse clearly states that technology has in terpreted over the entire organize force. Marcuse states â€Å"The very twist of human existence would be altered; the individual would be liberated from the work world’s…. ” (2). By this he wants us to realize that gentleman will soon be replaced by technology. in that location would be no need for people to be around factories anymore because everything can be make much faster and much more economical with machines.This is the typesetters case of society that we are heading into. This is all due to the people that own these factories. The uses of machines have proved to be much more efficient and much more productive. Humans just can’t perform certain tasks that are needed to mass produce products. They just may be able to but the quality of the work wouldn’t compare to that of a machine’s work. â€Å"Today authoritiesal power asserts itself through its power over machine process and over the technical organization…. † (3). We can all agree that this statement shut up holds true today.The executive decisions, which are made in today’s society, are all made by those who own major companies or corporations. They have the about power because they have the most money. Their factories are mainly machines that create their product. Though they still require some manpower to run their remains, they mainly rely on their machines, These select few people utilize the full potential use of technical, scientific and mechanical productiveness (3). Marcuse makes a good point in reflexion â€Å"… economic freedom would mean freedom from the deliverance…’ (4).Those who have utilized the full potential of machines have already found their freedom from the economy. Everyone else is struggling to progress to freedom from the economy, making just enough money to support their families. We know these people as the pose class or the working class. Their personal line of credits give them a decent amount of money to live homely lives. In this passage, Marcuse talks about how liberty can become something that is used for controlling the masses. The ability to be able to elect ones leader doesn’t needs mean that the organisation isn’t in control.The government is always going to have some type of influence on everything that is put on the media. For example, if the government isn’t influencing the media, why is there censorship? The uprightness is that the government controls most aspects of our life. Marcuse argues that the right of freedom of address is good yet it also creates the right for censorship. Marcuse believes that the purpose of technology is to help us live easier lives. Assisting us with jobs that humans just don’t have the strength for should be the true intention of a machine. A machine is supposed to take the job of several humans.It is there to perform tasks that a regulation human does not have the strength o r ability to do. Instead, the capitalist government is using machines to sum up their power and wealth. Instead of using technology advances as something to help the people, they instead use it to oppress the people with weapons and propaganda. Being able to determine one’s leader may sound like an perfect but Marcuse may disagree. He states that this system is not perfect. The idea of having a free trade system allows the government to publish people with trade sanctions.Going betwixt countries would require one to meet all of these rules in order to proceed with the transaction. Sanctions for one country may be completely different from a live country. These sanctions would not have existed before but must still be enforced. Even though this was create verbally back in the mid 1960s, we can see that some of what Marcuse says is true in today’s society. Though the change process was in small stages, there were still significant changes that we can see. The advan cement in technology is one key factor in the gradual changes that we see.Everything has technology integrated into it in one way or another. Because of this people began to lose sight of what was very needed in life to survive and live. Instead, people have been blinded by things that they want and work until they have actually gotten what they wanted. They have fed their thirstiness for materialistic things for the time being but will soon realize that this hunger will ultimately fade away. The government also influences the society through media. Censorship is a method in which the government influences the media.\r\n'